Who guards the guardians? How do liberal democracies ensure that citizens who have been granted authority to legitimately deprive other citizens of their freedom—the police—are held accountable to society for the way in which they exercise their powers?

This is a clear account of reform in complaints against police. It is also about public policy and political relationships. It analyses how relations between police, government, and civilian oversight bodies can affect the success of police accountability policies.

The book looks at models in Australia, Britain, the USA, and Canada, identifying shared difficulties which cross city, county, state, provincial, and national boundaries. The analyses of two case studies from the Australian state of Queensland outline:

1. why the first attempt at civilian oversight was an abject failure and
2. the conditions which led to the creation of the second—a unique and powerful external, independent civilian oversight body.

Lewis shows how external relations must be examined in evaluating the success or failure of the civilian oversight process, and she presents a new model extending beyond the traditional reactive approach.

Table of Contents

CHAPTER 1: Introduction
CHAPTER 2: Policing in liberal democracies
CHAPTER 3: The problem: unacceptable police behaviour
CHAPTER 4: Reaction to the problem: governments and police
CHAPTER 5: Models of complaints systems: the need to move on
CHAPTER 6: Government intent and support
CHAPTER 7: The Police Complaints Tribunal: Queensland
CHAPTER 8: Creating the conditions
CHAPTER 9: The Criminal Justice Commission
CHAPTER 10: The CJC and the political system
CHAPTER 11: Conclusion
Bibliography
Index